Venter calls the result a synthetic cell research and represents a landmark achievement that will open the way to creating useful microbes from scratch to make products such as vaccines and. At a press conference Thursday, Dr. Venter described the cells are transformed as the first self-regenerating species Weve been on the planet, whose father is a computer. This is a philosophical advance as much as technological progress, he said, suggesting that synthetic cells raised new questions about the nature of life. Other scientists believe that technical feat he achieved in the synthesis of a large piece of DNA is still millions of units long and makes it quite accurate to replace the cells own DNA. But some believe this approach as unpromising because it takes years to develop new organisms, and yet progress has been achieved making biofuels from conventional genetic engineering approaches that have been modified organisms several genes simultaneously. Dr. Venters goal is to achieve full control of genome bacteria, its first synthesis of DNA in the laboratory, and then creating a new genome is devoid of natural features and equipped with new genes that regulate the production of useful substances. Its very powerful to be able to recover and have each letter in the genome, because it means that you can put in different genes, says Gerald Joyce, a biologist at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California in connection with the scientific report ,
asked the White House bioethics commission on Thursday to complete the study of issues raised by synthetic biology within six months and report to it on their findings. He said the new development raised the real problems, although he did not specify them further. Dr. Venter has taken the first step toward that goal three years ago showed that the natural DNA from one bacterium can be inserted into another, and that he will take over the work of master cells. Last year his team synthesized section of DNA from 1080000 base chemical units that make up DNA. In the final stage of the team led by Daniel J. Gibson, A. Hamilton Smith and Dr. Venter >> << that synthetic DNA takes the bacterial cell as well as natural DNA did strattera dosage, causing the cells to generate proteins A new genetic information in DNA preference to its own genome. The team ordered 1000 units of DNA fragments that are from Blue Heron, a company that specializes in DNA synthesis and developed a method for assembling a shorter length in the complete genome. The project cost was $ 40 million, most of them paid Synthetic Genomics, a company founded by Dr. Venter. But the bacteria that are used by a group Venter is not suitable for the production of biofuels, and Dr. Venter said he will move in different organisms. Synthetic Genomics has a contract with Exxon to get biofuel from algae. Exxon is ready to spend $ 600 million if all its phases will be implemented. Dr. Venter says he will try to build a genome of algae so that we can vary from 50 to 60 different parameters for the growth of algae that nadproduktyvnyh organisms. In his yacht around the world, Dr. Venter analyzed the DNA of many organisms in sea water and is now in the library about 40 million genes, mostly from algae. These genes are resources to captive algae produce useful chemicals, he said. Some other scientists said they also build a large piece of DNA Dr. Venter is not new horizons. In my opinion Craig few overestimated the value of, say, a geneticist at the California Institute of Technology. He described the result as a technical tour de force, the question of scale, rather than scientific breakthrough. He did not create life, only imitated him, said Dr. Baltimore. Dr. Venters approach is not necessarily in the way of obtaining useful microorganisms, said George Church, a genome researcher at Harvard Medical School. Leroy Hood, Institute for Systems Biology in Seattle, described Dr. Venters report, brilliant, but said the lower level of gene networks and to understand, before it would be worth trying to design entire organisms from scratch. In 2002, Eckard Wimmer, of the synthesized genome of the virus genome
, built a live polio virus that infected and killed mice. Dr. Venters work on bacteria seems, in principle, except that the polio virus genome only 7500 units in length, and genome bacteria more than 100 times. Friends of the Earth, environmental groups denounced the synthetic genome as a dangerous new technology, said that Mr Venter should stop all further research until adequate provisions in place. Venter synthesized gene doctor is copied from a natural bacterium that infects goats. He said that before copying DNA, he excised 14 genes likely to be pathogenic, so that the new bacteria, even if he did, he is unlikely to cause harm to kids. Dr Venters claims that he created a synthetic cell is disturbing people who think that means he created a new life form or artificial cells. Of course, that's not right it is the ancestor of biological life forms, says Dr. Joyce of Scripps. Dr. Venter copied the DNA from one species of bacteria and insert it into another. The second bacteria made all proteins and organelles, the so-called synthetic cells, following the specification refers to the structure of DNA is inserted. I fear that some people are going to come to the conclusion that they created a new form of life, said Jim Collins, in bioinzhener. What they have created a body of synthetic natural genome. But that does not mean a life from scratch or creating new life forms, he said. .
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